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Table 5 Bivariate and multivariate analysis of risk factors for cervical ECA among women attending cervical cancer screening unit at Debre Markos referral hospital

From: Prevalence and predictors of Pap smear cervical epithelial cell abnormality among HIV-positive and negative women attending gynecological examination in cervical cancer screening center at Debre Markos referral hospital, East Gojjam, Northwest Ethiopia

Variables

Cervical ECA

COR (95 % CI)

P

AOR (95 % CI)

P

Yes

No

No (%)

No (%)

Age (in year)

<30

11(7.4)

138(92.6)

1

 

1

 

30-45

33(16.7)

165(83.3)

2.5(1.22, 5.11)

0.012

0.8(0.30, 2.09)

0.648

>45

11(25.0)

33(75.0)

4.2(1.67, 10.47)

0.002

0.6(0.18, 2.25)

0.493

Marital status

Married

21(9.1)

209(90.9)

1

 

1

 

Single

1(3.2)

30(96.8)

0.3(0.04, 2.55)

0.290

1.2(0.11,12.43)

0.869

Divorced

15(21.1)

56(78.9)

2.7(1.29, 5.50)

0.008

3.2(1.19, 8.77)

0.021

Widowed

18(30.5)

41(69.5)

4.4(2.14, 8.91)

0.000

3.0(1.12, 8.09)

0.029

Education

NFE

35(19.8)

142(80.2)

2.6(0.87, 7.69)

0.087

2.2(0.69, 6.67)

0.181

Primary

16(9.5)

152(90.5)

1

 

1

 

Occupation

Employed

6(9.2)

59(90.8)

1

 

1

 

HW

28(18.3)

165(81.7)

1.8(0.29, 10.76)

0.275

0.4(0.10, 1.88)

0.536

DL

10(16.7)

50(83.3)

2.9(0.64, 12.86)

0.167

0.3(0.05, 1.86)

0.205

CSW

4(18.2)

18(81.8)

1.6(0.27,9.93)

0.004

0.1(0.01, 0.95)

0.046

Others

7(14.6)

41(85.4)

2.6(0.80, 8.25)

0.081

0.8(0.17, 1.16)

0.112

Age of 1st sex (in year)

<15

42(23.5)

137(76.5)

7.7(2.68, 22.28)

<0.001

5.2(1.49, 17.95)

0.009

15-18

9(8.4)

98(91.6)

2.3(069, 7.77)

0.173

2.4(0.61, 9.49)

0.208

>18

4(3.8)

101(96.2)

1

 

1

 

No. of sexual partner

1-2

21(8.3)

233(91.7)

1

 

1

 

3-4

34(24.8)

103(75.2)

3.6(1.84, 6.96)

<0.001

3.2(1.00, 10.03)

0.048

History of STI

Yes

21(20.6)

81(79.4)

1.9(1.06, 3.53)

0.029

1.5(0.67, 3.42)

0.314

No

34(11.8)

255(88.2)

1

 

1

 

OCP user (in year)

<5

7(9.1)

70(90.9)

1

 

1

 

≥5

16(76.2)

5(23.8)

30.0(7.6, 118.37)

<0.001

11.9(2.11, 16.69)

0.020

No

14(11.3)

110(88.7)

1

 

1

 

Parity

≤2

13(5.6)

219(94.4)

1

 

1

 

3-4

6(10.7)

50(89.3)

3.2(1.36, 7.30)

0.007

1.7(0.53, 5.44)

0.362

>4

36(35.0)

67(65.0)

7.9(3.67, 16.92)

<0.001

10.9(4.16, 16.75)

<0.001

HIV status

Negative

20(10.3)

174(89.7)

1

 

1

 

Positive

35(17.8)

162(82.2)

1.9(1.04, 3.38)

0.036

1.4(0.62, 3.16)

0.410

CD4 + T-cell count (cells/ μl)

<200

14(51.9)

13(48.1)

15.3(4.33, 54.31)

<0.001

14.1(6.69, 16.4)

<0.001

200-349

10(18.5)

44(81.5)

3.2(0.95, 11.01)

0.060

9.6(1.79, 11.54)

0.008

350-500

7(12.7)

48(87.3)

2.1(0.57, 7.52)

0.265

5.8(0.98,31.62)

0.052

>500

4(6.6)

57(93.4)

1

 

1

 
  1. HIV Human immunodeficiency virus, COR crude odds ratio, AOR adjusted odds ratio, CI confidence interval, P p- value, OCP Oral contraceptive pills, STI Sexually transmitted infection, NFE No formal education, CSW Commercial sex worker, HW House wife, DL Daily laborer
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